Qualitative Methods

Action Research: Becoming Deliberate

Year: TBA
Time: TBA
Location: TBA

Mike Barnett
Instructional Systems Technology
Office: Room 2217 Education Building
Office Hours: TBA
Office Phone: (812) 856-7496
e-mail: gmbarnet@indiana.edu
Course website: http://inkido.indiana.edu/mikeb/actionresearch


"Action research is a fancy way of saying let's study what's happening at our school and decide how to make it a better place."
- Emily Calhoun

Description of Students

The audience for this course is expected to primarily consist of MAT students or in-service teachers who are interested in learning more about how to investigate and improve their practice.  The course can be modified for pre-service students if the students are either (1) currently engaged in their teaching practicum or (2) engaged in significant teaching with a supervising teacher.

Prerequisites for Y510

The only major prerequisite for this course is the willingness to critically examine your practice and share your work with your peers and the larger educational community. It is also expected that students be familiar with communication tools such as e-mail and the World Wide Web as we may make use of asynchronous conferencing to extend our classroom conversations and to share other resources

Conceptual Framework

We are currently witnessing a shift from cognitive theories that emphasize individual thinkers and their isolated minds to theories that more fully acknowledge the role of the physical and social context in determining what is known. This shift has provided new visions of what teacher education should look like and what strategies can best be leveraged to improve teaching practice. Many teacher educators have grown dissatisfied with the traditional individualistic approach to teacher education and have come to recognize that the improvement of teaching is  best facilitated through participation in collaborative learning communities. These communities can be identified as they afford opportunities to articulate, reflect on, and share teaching experiences with others (Grossman, 1991; Stein, Silver, & Smith, 1998). A number of efforts are underway to that bring teachers together in which they share their teaching strategies, experiences, and reflections (Cochran-Smith & Lytle 1999; Putnam & Borko, 2000; Thomas, Wineburg, Grossman, Myhre, & Wollworth, 1998). A fundamental premise of these initiatives is that groups of individuals come together with the goal of developing relationships in which all members struggle with and construct the notions of not only what it means to teach, but also how to transform current teaching practices to be more aligned with current national policy (Thomas, Clift, & Sugimoto, 1996). This course is founded upon this principles that our teaching can best be improved through discussion, collaborative reflection, and critical evaluation within an open environment where each person’s voice is valued.

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Course Introduction

There are many different kinds of teachers in the world. However, one thing that seems to separate teachers is their ability to reflect upon and learn from their previous teaching experiences. For instance, there are those teachers who have one year of experience repeated several times and those who have several years of experience. The major difference between these two groups of teachers is the latter group spends considerable amount thinking about ways to improve their teaching. That is, master teachers are those teachers that are continuously inquiring into their own practice. This course is designed to provide you grounding in how to systematically examine your practice through sustained inquiry.

 

We know a great deal about good teaching in general (e.g. McKeachie, 1999), but every teaching situation is unique in terms of content, level, student skills and learning styles, teacher skills and teaching styles, and many other factors. To maximize student learning, a teacher must find out what works best in a particular situation. There are many ways to improve knowledge about teaching ranging from personal private reflection, collaborative reflection with peers, and more formal investigations concerning practice and instruction and how current instructional strategies are improving student learning. In recent years action research has become more and more accepted as a valid way of investigating and improving practice.  There are many reasons for this growth, however perhaps the most important reason for practitioners is the reduction in the lag time between educational research and its impact on classroom practice. In short, action research is a method of finding out what works best in your own classroom so that you can improve student learning. However, there are a number of different interpretations and meanings associated with action research and we will explore those throughout the course. Further, we will examine how our work as action researchers can inform educational theory.

 

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Course Goals

This course will introduce you to action research, a form of self-reflective systematic inquiry by practitioners on their own practice. The goals of action research are the improvement of practice, a better understanding of that practice, and an improvement in the situation in which the practice is carried out. Further, we will also examine how our findings from our practice can be used to support school and instructional change. Another primary objective of this course for pre-service teachers is to prepare students to do action research in schools. There are three other goals: 1) the development of professional community; 2) the illumination of power relationships; and 3) teachers’ and pre-service teachers’ recognition of their own expertise.

Topics include an analysis of the different frameworks of action research, ways to identify problems to investigate, the selection of appropriate research methods, collecting and analyzing data, and ways to draw conclusions from the research, and the relationship between our findings and educational theory. The major assignment for the course will be the completion of a mini-research project undertaken in an educational setting in which the student is engaged in professional practice. However, there are other assignments along the way that are intended to support your research project.

During your undergraduate, graduate years, or teaching years, you have learned about many teaching topics. You may have read outside materials on a particular topic, or you may have informally experimented with new methods in your classroom. In this class, you will learn how to conduct research of your own, so that you can make effective decisions about your own teaching situation. You will learn how to systematically review and critique the literature on a particular topic, and how to combine the current research and theory on related areas to come to new and valid conclusions. You will learn how to systematically evaluate new teaching methods in your classroom, or assess what teachers and students are thinking and doing. As an added benefit, you will find that other decision-makers (teachers, parents, and administrators) are more interested in facts based on your research than in your unsupported opinions.

Some other objectives of this are:

  • Assiting you in choosing an appropriate action research question
  • Learning how to locate and evaluate relevant research literature in the library
  • Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of various approaches and models of action research
  • Plan an action research project
  • Write a proposal for their project
    • The goal of this course is for you to conduct a research project however due to time limitations and other institutional constraints that you might have this assignment may be altered to a grant proposal.

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Evaluation

My policy on grades is that everyone in the class starts out with an A. However, this does not mean one can take it easy throughout the course. Rather I have very high expectations and expect everyone to keep up with the readings and to be thoughtful and reflective concerning their particular project. Therefore, all that I ask is that you work hard, help one another, work with your teacher and think critically about the readings, your teaching, and student learning. Hence, if you do these aforementioned things your grade should fall into place. However, to help me, in evaluating the following assessment system will be in place for this term.

Course grades will be determined by written work, class participation, and your research project. There are no exams.

Assignment Points
Initial Letter 100
Refined Proposal 300
Article Critique 100
Group/class participation 75
Final Report 500
Research Presentation 100
Total 1325
   
Grading Points
A  
B  
C  
D  
F